Cartilage Damage in the Knee

Another common problem affecting the knee is the erosion or tearing of cartilage covering the knee cap. Often called the meniscus, this wedge-shaped cartilage is designed to protect the underlying tendons and ligaments that allow the knee to glide and turn in many directions while carrying your weight.. It also acts as a shock absorber and keeps your femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone) from grinding against each other. To view all the information on cartilage damage in the knee please view the following: non-surgical treatment, surgical treatment, rehabilitation, and frequently asked questions.

Cartilage may be torn or otherwise damaged during certain work-related activities, such as carpentry, roofing or carpet laying, which frequently require repeated kneeling or squatting. Tearing may also occur in contact sports, such as football, which involve jumping, twisting, cutting and sudden stopping or slowing. Playing in inclement weather and wearing cleats may be contributing factors. Of course, athletes participating in basketball, soccer, tennis, gymnastics, and running and track events are also very susceptible to knee injury. In addition, damage may be the result of more routine activities, like shoveling and gardening, especially as one ages.

Symptoms of cartilage damage include pain, locking of the knee or buckling of the entire leg, which can lead to falls and possible further injury. Redness or swelling and stiffness in the limb may also result.

Treatment options: non-surgical and surgical

Non-surgical

If cartilage damage is minor, it may be alleviated by rest with light medication such as aspirin or acetaminophen for discomfort and swelling if necessary. It is always a good idea to remember the acronym RICE - rest, ice, compression and exercise. Rest the knee by staying off it or walking only with crutches. Apply ice to control swelling. Use a compressive elastic bandage applied snugly but loosely enough that it does not cause pain. Finally, keep the leg elevated as much as possible.

Surgical Treatment

If your orthopedic surgeon assesses the damage to be severe, surgical repair may be required. Depending on the type of tear, whether you also have an injured ligament, your age and other factors, your doctor may use a surgical instrument called an arthroscope, which enables him or her to see into affected areas and trim off damaged pieces of cartilage through small incisions. This procedure is quick, involves a minimum of discomfort and is usually successful. (Click here for more details, if desired). In more severe cases, meniscal grafts or transplants or even total knee replacement may be indicated.

Rehabilitation

After any surgery, a program of rehabilitation or strengthening exercises may be prescribed. This might include water aerobics, swimming, leg presses and mini-squats under the supervision of a qualified physical therapist. Your rate of recovery, however, is greatly contingent on the extent of your personal effort.

Frequently Asked Questions

•  How long will I have to use crutches?

After a minor injury, you will probably be able to return to normal activities in a week or two.

•  How soon can I return to work or school after surgery?

Depending on the extent of injury and the type of work you do, you may be able to return in one or two months.

•  When can I expect to resume strenuous athletic activities?

If you are otherwise physically fit, that is, if your thigh and other leg muscles are highly toned, you may be able to begin to work out again as soon as